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On 24-27^th of September, 2019 the 10^th International Scientific and Technical Conference "Innovations of shipbuilding and ocean engineering" was held in admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding (former Nikolaev Shipbuilding Institute). For the Conference proceeding specialists introduced more than 250 reports concerning different tasks of theory and practice of shipbuilding and shipping. Significant part of the reports were prepared colleagues from China, also from Vietnam, Germany, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Georgia and other countries.
 
Reports of the Ukraine leading marine specialists were represented during the plenary session. Report "About design of "super-full" multipurpose RSD59 dry cargo vessels of "Pola Makaria" type" was introduced by Sc.Dr., professor, general director of Marine Engineering Bureau G.V. Egorov (G.V. Egorov and V.I. Tonyuk are the authors).
 

Report's synopsis
 
RSD59 dry cargo vessels is the main event of domestic river shipbuilding in 2018-2019 (12 vessels were constructed in 2018-2019, 60 ones are totally in the order).
 
Why? Answer for this question is given by comparing with analogy vessels.
 
It is always interesting to compare the work of different projects vessels in the same conditions. This allows to see enough objectively their differences. One can recall how the screw frigate "Princeton" towed its wheeled counterpart "Great Western" during trials.
 
Dry cargo vessel of the RSD49 and RSD59 projects are operated on the same line, at the same shipping conditions and with the same cargo. RSD49 vessels are designed on the basis of the contours of the classic Armada tanker series of the Marine Engineering Bureau whilst RSD59 is a "super-full" one designed on (the basis of RST27 tanker hull. characteristics (especially by cargo capacity and manoeuvrability).
 
Today, the most noticeable phenomenon in the water transport industry is the mass construction of "super-full" mixed river-sea tankers of the RST27 project, which are unusual for the entire practice of world shipbuilding, and designed on the RST27 basis such vessels as RST54 combined vessels (tankers-platforms), RST27M and RST12C chemical tankers. Indeed, it is difficult do not notice construction of 54 these projects vessels since 2012. Such construction rates and such big series were characterized for the best periods of Soviet shipbuilding, and this, of course, is a very worthy comparison for today's domestic shipyards.
 
RSD59 m/v "Pola Makaria" was the forst dry cargo vessel with "super-full" contours.
 
Architectural-constructional type of the RSD59 vessels is as follows: steel single-deck motor vessel with 2 cargo holds, with 2 full-turned rudder propellers, with forecastle and poop, with living superstructure and ER located aft, with double bottom of 980 mm height, with double sides in cargo area of 2330 mm width, with cylindrical fore end, with transom aft end that includes semi-tunnels and skeg.
 
Theoretical hull has cylindrical part of 0.68L length. Special form of the aft end is optimized for rudder propeller arrangement. Running and manoeuvrability are provided by two rudder propeller units with fixed pitch propellers in nozzle of 1900 mm diameter. The drive from main engines to rudder propellers is carried out through mechanical Z-gearing.
 
Double-tier aft deck-house includes service compartments and living ones for crew of 11 people (14 places and pilot). It was designed to provide restricted air draught (13.8 m at draught of 3.00 m).
 
Usage of longitudinal framing system for deck, sides and bottom in the middle part in conjunctions with increasing of transverse spacing and decreasing of longitudinal spacing provides comprehensive participation of hull plates in the general bending and better response for local loading during mooring operations, also provides outward appearance keeping.
 
Concerning power consumption per transport rate unit, RSD59 vessel is better than RSD59 and 006RSD05 vessels designed on the basis of Armada series, and is significantly better than dry cargo vessels of Volga and Rusich types.
 
If we adds significant increase of deadweight (together with deadweight-displacement utilization factor) either for full draught or for river draught (that is more important; addition of 800 t comparing to "Neva Leader" type and of 1495 t comparing to Volga type), while light ships and equipment are quite similar for all designs, then advantage of the new RSD59 "Pola Makaria" type concept becomes excellent.
 
Constructed in 2018-2019 twelve "super-fat" RSD59 multipurpose dry-cargo vessels of "Volgo-Don Max" class has no analogue in the world and are significantly better than all other vessels at the domestic market due to their technical-economic parameters.
 
The head vessel of the series m/v "Pola Makaria" was included in the list of Significant Ships of 2018 of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA).
 
Advantages of the RSD59 project in comparison with the best of the previously constructed dry cargo vessels of the Volga-Don Max class of the RSD49 project (by the example of m/v "Pola Fiva" with increased marine function):
 
• deadweight at draught of 3.60 m is 5320 t (RSD49 has 4507 t), increase is 813 t;
• deadweight at the maximum draught of 4.706 m is 8144 t (RSD49 has 7143 t at maximum draught of 4.70 m ), increase is 1000 t;
• the existence of a long L = 77.35 m hold (RSD49 vessel has L = 52 m cargo hold) that allows transportation of oversized and heavy cargo; this is relevant for the market of the Caspian region countries;
• the hold's height is increased up to 9000 mm, that is 620 mm bigger than for RSD49 project. Such height allows to load 9'6'' containers ("high cube containers"), 3 ones in single stack.
 
These new dry cargo vessels of "Volgo-Don Max" class together with vessels of other concepts (RSD62, RSD44) are a replacement for old "soviet" vessels of same dimensions (prjs. 507, 1565, 05074 and 19610).
 
From the amount of 337 these old vessels built before 1999, for the moment 89 ones are discarded (24%, that is significantly less than average rate for dry cargo vessels. '11 ones were perished at catastrophes (14%); their mean age is of 28.5 years. 69 ones were utilized, mean age is 33.5 years for the moment of utilization. 223 ones are under operation (mean age is 36.8 years), 176 ones have Russian flag. 34 ones are out of operation, mean age 40.9 years. 2025 forecast tells that 170 old vessels of "Volgo-Don Max" class will be left in operation; 2030 forecast shows only 93 ones under operation.
 
So from the point of view of the market cleaning up, the situation is favorable for the construction of new vessels.
 
The main idea is to keep the cargo base (at least at the 2017 level) and that the new ships construction will be synchronized with the real rates of utilization of old ships, and will not exceed these rates.